![]() ![]() ![]() has been a valued source of information and understanding for more than 200 years, helping people around the world meet their needs and fulfill their aspirations. Our core businesses produce scientific, technical, medical, and scholarly journals, reference works, books, database services, and advertising professional books, subscription products, certification and training services and online applications and education content and services including integrated online teaching and learning resources for undergraduate and graduate students and lifelong learners. Wiley is a global provider of content and content-enabled workflow solutions in areas of scientific, technical, medical, and scholarly research professional development and education. There was a striking difference in the ability of each bird to locate cryptic prey at first - as measured by unsuccessful search, over-looking prey, background-directed pecks, followed by accidental discovery, and its ability to detect them as efficiently as conspicuous prey towards the end of its test. Search images seem to have been acquired when behaviour (1) was used but there was little evidence for search images when behaviour (2) was used. Detailed analysis of video recordings revealed two types of search behaviour in response to cryptic prey: (1) the birds sighted (and successfully flew in to take) the prey from vantage points 0.5 m and further away, or (2) they alighted on the bark and then searched over the bark surface in detail. The results showed that eleven captive great tits had more difficulty detecting cryptic prey than conspicuous prey. Young great tits Parus major were presented with 'cryptic' and 'conspicuous' artificial prey on bark backgrounds. A 'search image' is said to be acquired when there is "a change in the ability of a predator to detect cryptic familiar prey". ![]()
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